The Independent-Record from Helena, Montana • 3

OF THE COUNTRY ALWAYS IN HANDS OF THE PEOPLE -CONSTITUTION GIVES CONGRESS POWER TO DECLARE WAR Washington, Dec. alone can declare It has been said that a president, by his of foreign affairs, has in fact the power to get the country into war. If such is the case, it is contrary to' the intentions of the franiers of the constitution and against the explicit declarations of the constitution. One of the biggest differences between a monarchy and a republic is in the location of the war-making power. In a republic this power is supposed to be in the hands of the people.

In a country, like Germany or Austria it is in the hands of the monarch, or 'the monarch plus a small group of councilors. In Germany it is in the hands of the kaiser, or the kaiser plus the chancellor and, the head of the foreign In Great Britain the war-making power is in the hands of the prime minister, who, though theoretically a servant of the king, is in fact leader of the majority in control of parliament. The I "ministry" in England is the group of cabinet officers who are carrying out the majority wish of confidence parliament and any time 8f a "ministry" cannot get a vote of from a majority parliament that ministry goes out of office. The ministry in England is responsible for declaring war, without the support of the ministry the English king would not get the money for his army or navy. States the constitution makers took great pains to see that In the MAKING POWER DID NOT GET AWAY FROM THE PEOPLE.

United the of state were necessarily entrusted with the WAR The president of but checks were placed upon them. No and secretary secrestate be appointed to the office without the "advice and consent handling foreign affairs, of tary the of senate." can No treaty, commercial or political, can be finally concluded until it has been ratified by the senate. No war can be entered upon until it has been declared by which cannot happen until both house and senate have congress, A REAL SPEAKER AT CLUB LUNCH THOSE WHO FAIL TO ATTEND COMMERCIAL CLUB FUNCTION WILL MISS TREAT. Sol Hepner, one of the committee- BY GILSON GARDNER. noon and will close at 1 o'clock.

All business men, whether club. members or not, are invited to attend. PUBLIC LAND COMMITTEE REPORTS MYERS' BILLS Washington, Dec. public lands committee of the senate, of which Senator Myers is chairman, has favorably reported the Myers bills appropriating $15,750 balance due to Corbett tunnel claimants; permitting the publication of land office notices in weekly consecutive issues of- daily newspapers; and giving five months' leave of absence to settlers on unsurveyed public lands. EVANS IS IN DEMAND, Washington, Dec.

21-(Special)-Congressman Evans, who is much in demand as a speaker before college societies, addressed the annual banquet of the Interfraternity Association of George Washington university during the week. His' speech was generally declared to be the best listened. to by the large assemblage of college mn. He was in a feliticous mood and roused his hearers to great enthusiasm as he depicted the ideals of college men. READY MADE CLOTHES regular customers.

He'll convince on the wrong track. He can show the pocket of his coat that he is and satisfaction from me than it a ready-made store. how good a suit I can make you Phone 827 RED. BILL, I Press Clothes. The Nitty Tailor it happened that we were not at war with Mexico, even though.

President with Wilson sent the loss navy of and life on regular both troops sides. to Vera the Cruz and took considerable After troops had clashed the affair was brought before congress in a resolution which, in substance, declared that the United States was not at war with Mexico. Numerous members of congress at that time urged that congress declare war on Mexico. But a majority were opposed and the resolution authorized President Wilson to do what he had done, but did not give him authority to wage further war. There is much loose talk about the president keeping the country out of or plunging the country into war.

As a matter of fact, the real destinies of the country are in the hands of the people as represented by their servants in the house or senate. The constitution, in Art. Sec. 8, par. 1, in enumerating the powers of congress says it shall provide for the common defense;" in paragraph 11 that it may "declare war, grant letters of marque reprisal, and make rules concerning capture on land and water." with In this paragraph limitation, 12 "that congress is given power of "to raise and that support armies," no appropriation money to use shall be for a longer term than two years" (which knocks out any plan the administration may have for a five-year preparedness building program in any way binding on succeeding congresses.) In paragraph 13, congress is given power "to provide and maintain a navy." In paragraph 14 to "make rules for the government and regulation of land and naval forces, to provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions, to provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the states respectively the appointment of the officers and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by congress." All these provisions show conclusively the intention to keep the war-making power out of the hands any president or any particular group of officials in control of the government.

The people are the ones who, in taxes and in lives, pay the price. of war and in a republican form of government, it is the theory that they alone shall have the power to make war. Excitement is generally, relied on to carry popular opinion into war when it is led by a president with strong recommendations, but in the theory of our government the people, are exercising their sober second thought always on any war -making proposal. Name Committee To Arrange for Annual Meeting H. G.

Pickett, president of the Commercial club, yesterday named the committee to arrange a program for the annual meeting which will be held in the club rooms on Thursday evening, January 6. Those who will arrange for this ses-1 sion are E. W. Brown, chairman; 0. A.

Anderson, O. L. Brackman, R. Claflin, H. Ellis, J.

Lee Rice and E. Fischl. In addition to the reuglar business of the meeting it is planned to have a short program and the members are now planning several features of this nature. Montana Pioneer Laid to His, Rest The funeral of the late Gregory J. Hollenback, a pioneer mining man of Montana, was held at 10 o'clock yesterday from St.

Helena cathedral, where requiem high mass was said. Burial was in Resurrection cemetery. The funeral cortege left the family home at Birdseye shortly after 8 o'clock and came direct to the cathedral. The deceased had lived in Montana for the past 50 years, and had lived in this district for: a greatre share of that time. The People Do Know where to find genuine bargains, they come to this store and they are not disappointed.

Facts remain facts, and here they are: EVERY SHOE IN OUR STORE HAS BEEN REDUCED FROM ITS FORMER PRICE There are no You can step in confidently or, for that matter, you can even send your child, it would make no difference and you'll findAny of Our $1.50 Shoes. Reduced to $1.19 Any of Our 2.00 Shoes, Reduced to 1.59 Any of Our 2.50 Shoes, Reduced to 1.99 Any of Our 3.00 Shoes, Reduced to 2.39 Any of Our 3.50 Shoes, Reduced to 2.79 Any of Our 4.00 Shoes, Reduced to 3.19 Any of Our 5.00 Shoes, Reduced to 3.99 Any of Our 6.00 Shoes, Reduced to 4.79 Come Now While Our Sizes Are Unbroken--Just Dented Useful Christmas Presents All Rubber Goods at at Same Reduction Same Reduction Weigel's Shoe Store Look for the Big Yellow Front recorded a majority vote in favor of United States at war with some named resolution declaring the enemy. Surveyor General Gerharz to Leave For East Tonight Surveyor General Henry Gerharz, accompanied by Mrs. Gerharz, will leave this evening for the east on a vacation of four weeks. They will first to to St.

Paul, where they will spend the Christmas holidays with the parents of: Mrs. Gerharz. Her father is assistant postmaster of St. one of the oldest assistant postmasters, in point of service, in the department. They will then go to Milwaukee and' Chicago.

While in Milwaukee General Gerharz will make a study of the activiated slugs methods of sewage disposal, a new method which, is now being tried out in Milwaukee and other cities. East Helena News Office of The Independent in East. Helena with 1 the Richardson Drug Company. East Helena, Dec. Gratz Montgomery of Crystal creek was in town today.

Mrs. F. L. Waters drove in from the Waters ranch near Lakeside to-: dagi. Amble and Tom Smeba left for the coast this morning.

Mrs. W. W. Norton of Salt Lake is visiting her mother, Mrs. Anna Eggan.

The local homestead, Brotherhood of American Yeomen, last evening held the last card game of the series. I Mrs. J. F. Mayer and -the highest seore among the ladies, for which she received a box of apples.

Mrs. P. E. Eggan, second, was presented with an olive dish. F.

J. McLeod won the first prize for men, a fine fat goose, and T. W. Richardson, second, a pair of silk sox. After the game refreshments were served.

Mrs. Everet Holt was in town on business Monday. H. McDaniel left here today for White' Sulphur Springs, where he will spend Christmas with his Claude Cory left today for Spofamily. kane, where he will spend the Christmas- vacation with friends.

L. M. Cory was in East Helena today on business. Tim Reardon and wife motored in from. the ranch today and spent the day in Helena on business.

the Get your Whittier from Lanstrum Co. Goodmanwill MEAT ME AT Weggenman's MARKET 'Tis None Too Early to Order That Turkey if you would have the best that the local markets afford place your order with us today. We assure you the lowest market price when the delivery is made. Call 152 "The White Front" 7 State Hoback Market--Phone 606. BUYING HERE MAKES GIFT GIVING A PLEASANT TASK In this popular store you will find a large Uselection of merchandise at economical prices.

Father, brother, son, uncle or cousin, each will be delighted with anything you select here. E. W. Shirts, $1.50 to ilk Four-in-hands, reg. $6.00 ulaf $1 shape, with slip-easy E.

Et W. Redman Collars band, large selection to $1.50 dozen. choose from, at 75c. Stetson Hats $4.00. Imported Silks at $1.00 Heid Caps 75c to $2.00.

to $3.50. Many Clever Combination Gift Sets are here at 50c. 75c, $1.00 and $1.50 Store Open Even- KOH CO. Store Open Evenings Until 9 p.m. SAM'L APPLESTONE, Manager ings Uutil 9 p.m.

Boulder Hot Springs OPEN WINTER AND SUMMER Automobiles meet all trains. All the conveniences of first-class hotel for the price of the cheapest. 125 rooms heated by natural hot water. $15.00 PER WEEK AND UP An Ideal Place to Rest Waters unsurpassed for cure of Rheumatism, Kidney and Stomach trouble. Spend a week this delightful resort for farmer or businessman.

'Fare and one-third round trip all Great Northern. points. Dancing, Skating, Hunting, Fishing. J. REYNOLDS, Manager, 'men in charge of the Commercial club luncheon at.

the Eddy hotel today noon, announced yesterday that a real speaker will be on hand for the function and will give a talk well worth the while of any local business man." Mr. Hepner did not mean to intimate that the others who have talks at these functions are not real speakers, but the man- who will do the talking today has. the reputation of saying something every time he gives a This fact has been proven to many Montana The lunch will start promptly at I to RY one TO of TALK my you that you're you by the dates in getting more service is possible to buy in Let me show you for $20 to $30! Watch for Fraud Public Is Warnea SWINDLERS REPORTED PASS. ING SPURIOUS POSTOFFICE MONEY ORDERS. Helena postoffice officials have been warned by the postal department that many postoffice robberies have taken place lately and the Thieves have obtained large supplies of blank money orders.

The officials are instructed to warn the public I not to cash postal money orders on endorsement unless they are personally acquainted with the persons to whom they pay the money. Clever swindlers have been passing bogus money orders, and during the holiday season conditions favor such swindlers, since many people at this time are receiving money through the mails from relatives. The warning is intended to put business men and others on their RALPH KING FUNERAL POSTPONED TO TODAY The funeral of Ralph O. King, which was to have been held from the home of E. F.

Smith, 308 Blake: street, has been postponed until 10 morning, The burial be in Forestvale cemetery. Mr. King was a former resident of this city and was well known here. He died last Saturday at his home near Spokane. He was 43 years of a age.

The deceased was a member of the following fraternities which will be represented at the funeral: Odd Fellows, Modern Woodmen, Highlanders and Eagles. Longmaid Funeral To Be Held Today The funeral of John Longmaid will be held at 2 o'clock this afternoon: from the family residence, 710 Dearborn avenue, where services will be conducted by 'Bishop L. R. Brewer of the Episcopal church. Burial will be in Forestvale cemetery.

The deceased was one of the prominent mining men of the west and had been associated with the late Marcus Daly during the early days of mining in Butte. Buy your Xmas gift cigars from Goodman- Co Give each of your employes A Box of Braziers, Candies A sensible gift that cannot fail, of appreciation. We are making special quantity prices to business institutions, and have an unlimited variety of packages, in all sizes, containing the. purest and: freshest of confections. We are also making special quantity prices to schools, churches, and all organizations desiring package or candies for Christmas.

Steam Coal Car. Kool Nut Run Just Received Order a Few Loads Today While It Last. Pioneer Coal Co. 32 West Sixth Ave. Phone 660 INDEPENDENT WANT ADS BRING THE BEST RESULTS TOME.